Hardware Design and Verification
Unlike procedural programming, here in the OOP programming model programs are organized around objects and data rather than actions and logic. Objects represent some concepts or things and like any other objects in the real Objects in programming language have certain behavior, properties, type, and identity. In OOP based language the principal aim is to
What is the need of clocking blocks ? In Verilog, the communication between blocks is specified using module ports. SystemVerilog adds the interface, a key construct that encapsulates the communication between blocks, thereby enabling users to easily change the level of abstraction at which the intermodule communication is to be modeled. An interface can specify
Wire:- 1. Wires are used for connecting different elements 2. They can be treated as a physical wire 3. They can be read or assigned 4. No values get stored in them 5. They need to be driven by either continuous assign statement or from a port of a module Reg:- 1. Contrary to their
We can pass data member to any function. Now consider a case where you are passing a function (say func1) as a data member to another function (say func2) and you get what is called callback. The reason why it is called callback is that the function func2 now can call anywhere in its code
An assertion is a description of a property of the design as per specification and is used to validate the behavior of the design. If the property that is being checked for in a simulation does not behave as per specification, then the assertion fails. Similarly if a property or rule is forbidden from happening
If coverage metric shows high code coverage and a low functional coverage then one or more of following possibilities could be the cause: 1) Not all functionality is implemented in the design as per the specification. Hence the code for same is missing while functional coverage metrics exists with no test 2) There could be
What is coverage ? Coverage is defined as the percentage of verification objectives that have been met. It is used as a metric for evaluating the progress of a verification project. Coverage metric forms an important part of measuring progress in constrained random testbenches and also provides good feedback to the quality and effectiveness of
implication operator as it name suggest it is something related to “the conclusion that can be drawn from something” same thing is valid for system verilog as well where can you use in SV , it will be used where you want certain things you want to constraint certain things based on certain value/expression/signal consider
When the size of the collection is unknown or the data space is sparse, an associative array is used, which does not have any storage allocated until it is used. That means, it is dynamically allocated, but has non-contiguous elements. Associative array’s index expression is not restricted to integral expressions, but can be of any
BLOCK DIAGRAM class seqItem extends uvm_sequence_item; `uvm_object_utils(seqItem) logic [8-1:0] rdata; logic wfull; logic rempty; rand logic [8-1:0] wdata; logic winc, wrst_n; logic rinc, rrst_n; function new (string name=”seqItem”); super.new(name); endfunction endclass
